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alpha

代码写的好，bug改到老

Flutter安装与调试记录

alpha    2019-08-18 10:51


1. Fluter是什么？

Flutter是Google发布的一个用于创建跨平台、高性能移动应用的框架。Flutter和QT mobile一样，都没有使用原生控件，相反都实现了一个自绘引擎，使用自身的布局、绘制系统。那么，我们会担心，QT mobile面对的问题Flutter是否也一样，Flutter会不会步入QT mobile后尘，成为另一个烈士？要回到这个问题，我们先来看看Flutter诞生过程：

  • 2017 年 Google I/O 大会上，Google 首次推出了一款新的用于创建跨平台、高性能的移动应用框架——Flutter。
  • 2018年2月，Flutter发布了第一个Beta版本，同年五月， 在2018年Google I/O 大会上，Flutter 更新到了 beta 3 版本。
  • 2018年6月，Flutter发布了首个预览版本，这意味着 Flutter 进入了正式版（1.0）发布前的最后阶段。

观其发展，在2018年5月份，Flutter 进入了 GitHub stars 排行榜前 100 名，已有 27k star。而今天(2019年5月29日)，已经有65K的Star。经历了短短2年多的时间，Flutter 生态系统得以快速增长，由此可见，Flutter在开发者中受到了热烈的欢迎，其未来发展值得期待！

现在，我们来和QT mobile做一个对比：

  1. 生态；从Github上来看，目前Flutter活跃用户正在高速增长。从Stackoverflow上提问来看，Flutter社区现在已经很庞大。Flutter的文档、资源也越来越丰富，开发过程中遇到的很多问题都可以在Stackoverflow或其github issue中找到答案。
  2. 技术支持；现在Google正在大力推广Flutter，Flutter的作者中很多人都是来自Chromium团队，并且github上活跃度很高。另一个角度，从今年上半年Flutter频繁的版本发布也可以看出Google对Flutter的投入的资源不小，所以在官方技术支持这方面，大可不必担心。
  3. 开发效率；Flutter的热重载可帮助开发者快速地进行测试、构建UI、添加功能并更快地修复错误。在iOS和Android模拟器或真机上可以实现毫秒级热重载，并且不会丢失状态。这真的很棒如果你是一名原生开发者，体验了Flutter开发流后，很可能就不想重新回去做原生了，毕竟很少有人不吐槽原生开发的编译速度。
2. 安装
首先安装git，（如果已经安装，课忽略）下载地址：https://dl.softmgr.qq.com/original/Development/Git-2.22.0-64-bit.exe
然后，下载flutter的git资源 
git clone -b stable https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
如果没有翻墙条件可以使用下面的命令代替： 
git clone -b stable https://gitee.com/mirrors/Flutter.git

启动flutter.
 
 
配置环境变量：
  
FLUTTER_STORAGE_BASE_URL
https://storage.flutter-io.cn
 

  
PUB_HOSTED_URL
https://pub.flutter-io.cn
 



 

在VS code中安装Flutter插件。

ctrl + shift + P 输入 
Flutter:  Run Flutter Doctor
 
  
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[√] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.7.8+hotfix.4, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.950], locale zh-CN)
[X] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices
    X Unable to locate Android SDK.
      Install Android Studio from: https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html
      On first launch it will assist you in installing the Android SDK components.
      (or visit https://flutter.dev/setup/#android-setup for detailed instructions).
      If the Android SDK has been installed to a custom location, set ANDROID_HOME to that location.
      You may also want to add it to your PATH environment variable.

[!] Android Studio (not installed)
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 3 categories.
exit code 0


提示需要下载 android studio
https://developer.android.com/studio/index.html

下载速度还蛮快的。下载好了之后使用管理员身份安装。
 
 
 
 

提示连不上安卓SDK

Cancel了，然后继续，弹出下载组件。

一顿下载完成之后：

再次Run Flutter Doctor,提示：
  
flutter doctor --android-licenses
                                                                                Warning: File C:\Users\admin\.android\repositories.cfg could not be loaded.
6 of 6 SDK package licenses not accepted. 100% Computing updates...
Review licenses that have not been accepted (y/N)? y

打开个终端 (cmd.exe)，输入： 
flutter doctor --android-licenses
接受各种协议。这回解决了两个问题，还有两个问题。 
[flutter] flutter doctor
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[√] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.7.8+hotfix.4, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.950], locale zh-CN)
[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 29.0.2)
[!] Android Studio (version 3.4)
    X Flutter plugin not installed; this adds Flutter specific functionality.
    X Dart plugin not installed; this adds Dart specific functionality.
[!] Connected device
    ! No devices available

! Doctor found issues in 2 categories.
exit code 0
打开android studio，找到plugins:
 


安装flutter，之后提示重启。


安装个虚拟环境吧。
 

这下没问题了。

  
Doctor summary (to see all details, run flutter doctor -v):
[√] Flutter (Channel stable, v1.7.8+hotfix.4, on Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.17134.950], locale zh-CN)
[√] Android toolchain - develop for Android devices (Android SDK version 29.0.2)
[√] Android Studio (version 3.4)
[√] Connected device (1 available)
安装好了之后，按照惯例，看看版本吧： 
PS C:\Users\admin\Desktop\xxx> flutter --version
Flutter 1.7.8+hotfix.4 • channel stable • https://github.com/flutter/flutter.git
Framework • revision 20e59316b8 (4 weeks ago) • 2019-07-18 20:04:33 -0700
Engine • revision fee001c93f
Tools • Dart 2.4.0
PS C:\Users\admin\Desktop\xxx>

以下是常用命令：

常用命令 含义
--version 查看Flutter版本
-h或者--help 打印所有命令行用法信息
analyze 分析项目的Dart代码。
build Flutter构建命令。
channel 列表或开关Flutter通道。
clean 删除构建/目录。
config 配置Flutter设置。
create 创建一个新的Flutter项目。
devices 列出所有连接的设备。
doctor 展示了有关安装工具的信息。
drive 为当前项目运行Flutter驱动程序测试。
format 格式一个或多个Dart文件。
fuchsia_reload 在Fuchsia上进行热重载。
help 显示帮助信息的Flutter。
install 在附加设备上安装Flutter应用程序。
logs 显示用于运行Flutter应用程序的日志输出。
packages 命令用于管理Flutter包。
precache 填充了Flutter工具的二进制工件缓存。
run 在附加设备上运行你的Flutter应用程序。
screenshot 从一个连接的设备截图。
stop 停止在附加设备上的Flutter应用。
test 对当前项目的Flutter单元测试。
trace 开始并停止跟踪运行的Flutter应用程序。
upgrade 升级你的Flutter副本。

在Android Studio上创建一个Flutter Application.
 

又是一顿安装，完事儿是这样婶儿的： 
Launching lib\main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode...
Initializing gradle...
Resolving dependencies...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
Built build\app\outputs\apk\debug\app-debug.apk.
Installing build\app\outputs\apk\app.apk...
Syncing files to device Android SDK built for x86...
D/EGL_emulation( 6525): eglMakeCurrent: 0xd21184e0: ver 3 0 (tinfo 0xd214e510)
D/eglCodecCommon( 6525): setVertexArrayObject: set vao to 0 (0) 1 0
I/OpenGLRenderer( 6525): Davey! duration=1388ms; Flags=1, IntendedVsync=767311754706, Vsync=767311754706, OldestInputEvent=9223372036854775807, NewestInputEvent=0, HandleInputStart=767313860720, AnimationStart=767313922630, PerformTraversalsStart=767314007330, DrawStart=768615831020, SyncQueued=768616881010, SyncStart=768618180580, IssueDrawCommandsStart=768619574470, SwapBuffers=768631024220, FrameCompleted=768701229580, DequeueBufferDuration=68667000, QueueBufferDuration=162000, 
I/Choreographer( 6525): Skipped 82 frames!  The application may be doing too much work on its main thread.
D/EGL_emulation( 6525): eglMakeCurrent: 0xd2118c60: ver 3 0 (tinfo 0xd214e6d0)
D/eglCodecCommon( 6525): setVertexArrayObject: set vao to 0 (0) 1 0
模拟器中出现了：


运行一个Github上的例子，发现提示错误： 
Using hardware rendering with device Android SDK built for x86. If you get graphics artifacts, consider enabling software rendering with "--enable-software-rendering".
Launching lib/main.dart on Android SDK built for x86 in debug mode...
Initializing gradle...                                              0.6s
Resolving dependencies...                                           2.1s

Compiler message:
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/photo_view-0.0.11/lib/photo_view.dart:163:24: Error: The argument type 'Null Function(ImageInfo, bool)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'ImageStreamListener'.
 - 'ImageInfo' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
 - 'ImageStreamListener' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'ImageStreamListener'.
    stream.addListener(listener);
                       ^
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/photo_view-0.0.11/lib/photo_view.dart:165:29: Error: The argument type 'Null Function(ImageInfo, bool)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'ImageStreamListener'.
 - 'ImageInfo' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
 - 'ImageStreamListener' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'ImageStreamListener'.
      stream.removeListener(listener);
                            ^
Compiler failed on C:\Users\admin\Desktop\FlutterGank\lib/main.dart

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* Where:
Script 'C:\Free\flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\flutter.gradle' line: 665

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileflutterBuildDebugX86'.
> Process 'command 'C:\Free\flutter\bin\flutter.bat'' finished with non-zero exit value 1

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 5s
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'... Done                         5.9s
Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1


解决办法：
将file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart文件 （路径请自己对应，我的Flutter放在C盘Free文件夹下了）的163行~165行修改为由： 
    stream.addListener(listener);
    completer.future.then((_) {
      stream.removeListener(listener);
    });

替换为如下内容： 
    stream.addListener(ImageStreamListener(listener));
    completer.future.then((_) {
      stream.removeListener(ImageStreamListener(listener));
    });
注：在VS Code中使用，在终端运行  
flutter run --debug
即可。前提是在Android Studio中配置好了模拟器或测试机环境。
问题： 
Launching lib/main.dart on PRA TL10 in debug mode...
Initializing gradle...                                              0.6s
Resolving dependencies...                                           2.5s

Compiler message:
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/cached_network_image-0.5.1/lib/cached_network_image.dart:199:38: Error: The argument type 'void Function(ImageInfo, bool)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'ImageStreamListener'.
 - 'ImageInfo' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
 - 'ImageStreamListener' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'ImageStreamListener'.
      oldImageStream?.removeListener(_handleImageChanged);
                                     ^
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/cached_network_image-0.5.1/lib/cached_network_image.dart:200:32: Error: The argument type 'void Function(ImageInfo, bool)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'ImageStreamListener'.
 - 'ImageInfo' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
 - 'ImageStreamListener' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'ImageStreamListener'.
      _imageStream.addListener(_handleImageChanged);
                               ^
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/cached_network_image-0.5.1/lib/cached_network_image.dart:210:34: Error: The argument type 'void Function(ImageInfo, bool)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'ImageStreamListener'.
 - 'ImageInfo' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
 - 'ImageStreamListener' is from 'package:flutter/src/painting/image_stream.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/painting/image_stream.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'ImageStreamListener'.
    _imageStream?.removeListener(_handleImageChanged);
                                 ^
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/cached_network_image-0.5.1/lib/cached_network_image.dart:465:31: Error: The argument type 'Null Function(StringBuffer)' can't be assigned to the parameter type 'Iterable<DiagnosticsNode> Function()'.
 - 'StringBuffer' is from 'dart:core'.
 - 'Iterable' is from 'dart:core'.
 - 'DiagnosticsNode' is from 'package:flutter/src/foundation/diagnostics.dart' ('file:///C:/Free/flutter/packages/flutter/lib/src/foundation/diagnostics.dart').
Try changing the type of the parameter, or casting the argument to 'Iterable<DiagnosticsNode> Function()'.
        informationCollector: (StringBuffer information) {
                              ^
Compiler failed on C:\Users\admin\Desktop\Flutter_ZhiHu-master\lib/main.dart

FAILURE: Build failed with an exception.

* Where:
Script 'C:\Free\flutter\packages\flutter_tools\gradle\flutter.gradle' line: 665

* What went wrong:
Execution failed for task ':app:compileflutterBuildDebugArm64'.
> Process 'command 'C:\Free\flutter\bin\flutter.bat'' finished with non-zero exit value 1

* Try:
Run with --stacktrace option to get the stack trace. Run with --info or --debug option to get more log output. Run with --scan to get full insights.

* Get more help at https://help.gradle.org

BUILD FAILED in 5s
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'...
Running Gradle task 'assembleDebug'... Done                         6.0s
Gradle task assembleDebug failed with exit code 1
解决办法（
file:///C:/Users/admin/AppData/Roaming/Pub/Cache/hosted/pub.dartlang.org/cached_network_image-0.5.1/lib/cached_network_image.dart:199）： 
    if (_imageStream.key != oldImageStream?.key) {
      oldImageStream?.removeListener(ImageStreamListener(_handleImageChanged));
      _imageStream.addListener(ImageStreamListener(_handleImageChanged));
    }
  }





 
Last Modified: 2020-12-14 13:55
Views: 3.9K

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