最近在学习Python网络数据采集的相关知识，根据学习到的内容做了一个股票数据的定向爬虫。
功能：获取上交所和深交所所有股票的名称和交易信息，输出保存在文件中。
爬取网站：（用于获取股票列表）东方财富网：http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html （获取个股信息,*内容表示交易所+股票代码）百度股票：https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/********.html
技术路线：requests-bs4-re
程序结构设计：S1，从东方财富网获取股票列表；S2，根据股票列表逐个到百度股票获取个股信息；S3，将结果存储到文件
具体实现代码：
#CrawBaiduStocksB.py
import requests
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import traceback
import re
def getHTMLText(url, code="utf-8"):
try:
r = requests.get(url)
r.raise_for_status()
r.encoding = code
return r.text
except:
return ""
def getStockList(lst, stockURL):
html = getHTMLText(stockURL, "GB2312")
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
a = soup.find_all('a')
for i in a:
try:
href = i.attrs['href']
lst.append(re.findall(r"[s][hz]\d{6}", href)[0])
except:
continue
def getStockInfo(lst, stockURL, fpath):
count = 0
for stock in lst:
url = stockURL + stock + ".html"
html = getHTMLText(url)
try:
if html=="":
continue
infoDict = {}
soup = BeautifulSoup(html, 'html.parser')
stockInfo = soup.find('div',attrs={'class':'stock-bets'})
name = stockInfo.find_all(attrs={'class':'bets-name'})[0]
infoDict.update({'股票名称': name.text.split()[0]})
keyList = stockInfo.find_all('dt')
valueList = stockInfo.find_all('dd')
for i in range(len(keyList)):
key = keyList[i].text
val = valueList[i].text
infoDict[key] = val
with open(fpath, 'a', encoding='utf-8') as f:
f.write( str(infoDict) + '\n' )
count = count + 1
print("\r当前进度: {:.2f}%".format(count*100/len(lst)),end="")
except:
count = count + 1
print("\r当前进度: {:.2f}%".format(count*100/len(lst)),end="")
continue
def main():
stock_list_url = 'http://quote.eastmoney.com/stocklist.html'
stock_info_url = 'https://gupiao.baidu.com/stock/'
output_file = 'D:/BaiduStockInfo.txt'
slist=[]
getStockList(slist, stock_list_url)
getStockInfo(slist, stock_info_url, output_file)
main()
学习过程中的问题与改进：bs4和正则表达式的使用还不够熟练；爬取时间太长，下一步学习Scrapy框架，同时继续Flask的学习
爬取内容的截图：
希望大家给予建议，谢谢！